Collagen-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles for Multifunctional Finishing of Cotton Fabric with UV Protection and Antibacterial Activity

Abstract

A novel approach for functional finishing of cotton fabric was developed using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized with collagen extracted from Nile Tilapia scale. The green synthesis utilized fish derived collagen as both a reducing and stabilizing agent, ensuring eco-friendly fabrication and uniform nanoparticle distribution on the fabric surface. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV–Vis’s spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, revealing an average particle size of 2.58 nm. Optimization of process parameters for treating cotton fabric with collagen-mediated AgNPs was performed using Box bhenken design via a dip-coating method. The functionalized fabric was evaluated for antibacterial activity and ultraviolet protection. The optimized treatment exhibited a zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 25 mm against Escherichia coli and 24 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, while the ultraviolet protection reached 98.99%, demonstrating near complete UV-A and UV-B blocking. These findings indicate that silver nanoparticles synthesized with Nile Tilapia scale collagen provide an eco-friendly, efficient, and cost-effective method for producing multifunctional cotton textiles with excellent antibacterial and UV-protective properties.

 Keywords: Antibacterial; collagen; green-synthesis; silver nanoparticles; UV protection