A Paradigm Shift from Area-Led to Productivity-Led Production of Maize in Nigeria
Abstract
Unlike in the past when production performance was judged from the area, in recent time's growth performance is hinged on productivity. In Nigeria, increasing maize production through area expansion is no longer feasible owing to pressure on demand for arable limited land for allied sectors, urbanization, industrialization etc. thus threatening sustainable maize production which is the precursor for self-sufficiency in maize production. It is in lieu of this that the present research empirically examined the ex-post and ex-ante production trend of maize production in Nigeria. Time series data that spanned for 58 years (1961-2018) and covered production, area, yield and crop prices were used. The data were sourced from the FAO database and the collected data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The empirical evidence showed that maize production is not sustainable as area growth rate predominates in increasing the production growth rate of maize in the studied area. In addition, it was observed that variability in the production of maize owes majorly to uncertainty viz. weather vagaries. Furthermore, weather vagaries viz. drought and flood; and non-remunerative price of maize affected the supply response of maize. In a decade ahead, a deficit in the supply of maize is very imminent which will be owed to poor productivity, thus affecting the food security of maize in the studied area. Thus, the onus lies on the policymakers to invest adequately on technology and infrastructure in order to achieve a sustainable production of maize that will guarantee maize food security in the country.References
Ahmed, S.I., and Joshi, M.B. (2013). Analysis of instability and growth rate of cotton in three districts of Marathwada. International Journal of Statistika and Mathematika. 6(3):121-124
Agricdemy (2020).Farming in Nigeria. Accessed on 11/05/2020 fromhttps://agricdemy.com /post/maize-farming-nigeria
Anonymous (2020).Culled from https://www. agriculturenigeria.com/production/crop-production/general-crops/maize/
Ayalew, B. (2015). Supply response of maize in Ethiopia: co-integration and vector error correction approach. Trends in Agricultural Economics. 8 (1):13-20
Boyal, V.K., Pant, D.C., and Mehra, J. (2015). Growth, instability and acreage response function in the production of cumin in Rajasthan. The Bioscan. 10(1):359-362
Coppock, J.D. (1962). International Economic Instability. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 523-525.
Cuddy, J.D.A., and Valle, P.A.D. (1978). Measuring the instability of time series data. Oxford Bulletin and Economic Statistics. 40:53-78.
Gujarati, D., Porter, D., and Gunasekar, S. (2012). Basic Econometrics. McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
Hazell, P.B.R. (1982). Instability in Indian food grain production.Research Report 30, Washington, D.C., USA: International Food Policy Research Institute.
IITA (2020). Maize production. Accessed on 11/05/2020 from https://www.iita.org/crops new/maize/
Kumar, N.S, Joseph, B., and Muhammed, J.P.K. (2017).Growth and Instability in Area, Production, and Productivity of Cassava (Manihotesculenta) in Kerala.International Journal of Advanced Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology. 4(1): 446-448.
Nerlove, M. (1958). The Dynamics of Supply: Estimation of Farmers’ Response to Price. Baltimore, USA: John Hopkins
Paul, R.K. (2014). Forecasting wholesale price of pigeon pea using long memory time-series models. Agricultural Economics Research Review. 27(2): 167-176.
Sadiq, M.S., Singh, I.P., and Karunakaran, N. (2017). Supply response of cereal crop farmers to price and non-price factors in Rajasthan state of Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development. 3(2): 203-210
Sadiq, M.S., Singh, I.P., Ahmad, M.M., and Hafizu, M.S. (2019).Roadmap to self-sufficiency ofcowpea production in Nigeria. Ife Journal of Agriculture. 31(3):60-76
Sandeep, M.V., Thakare, S.S. and Ulemale, D.H. (2016).Decomposition analysis and acreage response of pigeon-pea in western Vidarbha. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 50(5): 461-465
Sihmla, R. (2014). Growth and instability in agricultural production in Haryana: A District level analysis. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 4:1-12.
Stalling, J.L. (1960). Weather indexes. Journal of Farm Economics. 42: 180-186.
Umar, S.M., Suhasini, K., Jainuddin, S.M. and Makama, S.A. (2019). Sources of growth and instability in cassava production in Nigeria: evidence from Hazell’s Decomposition Model. SKUAST Journal of Research, 21(1): 86-95
Umar, S.M., Suhasini, K., Sadiq, M.S. and Aminu, A. (2017). Growth and Instability in Yam Production in Nigeria: An Inter Zone and State Level Analysis. Dutse Journal of Agriculture and Food Security. 4(1):10-24
Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
