Processing and characterization of natural fiber (sisal plant fiber) reinforced polyester composites

Abstract

In recent years, natural fibers like sisal have garnered interest as potential reinforcements for polymer composites due to their environmentally friendly and biodegradable nature. The study focuses on exploring the processing methods and mechanical properties of sisal fiber-reinforced polyester composites. Mechanical extraction, followed by chemical treatment, yields superior fiber quality and quantity. Alkalization, utilizing different NaOH concentrations (2%, 6%, 10%) and varying soaking times (24, 48, 72 hours), investigates their impact on fiber properties. Optimal results manifest at 48 hours with 6% NaOH, significantly enhancing mechanical properties. Composites, formed by combining fibers and matrix, achieve peak efficiency at a 30:70 fiber-to-matrix ratio. Notably, the tensile and bending strength for this ratio are 44.003 MPa and 50.81 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, treated fiber composites exhibit reduced water absorption due to improved surface contact. FTIR spectroscopy analyzes raw fiber functional groups, facilitating chemical identification. In light of their cost-effectiveness, natural fiber composites emerge as viable alternatives to expensive and logistically challenging glass fibers.

 Keywords: Sisal fiber, natural fiber reinforcement, sisal-polyester composites, mechanical properties