Sharia Law: Its Nature, Characteristics and Sources

Abstract

Sharia can be defined as a divinely inspired legal system that exists within the religious
of framework of Islam. Sharia represents two distinct but directly related sets of laws.
The first segment consists of theories, principles, and objectives that serve as
foundations for the promulgation and interpretation of specific laws. There is an
independent discipline devoted to the study of philosophical and juristic principles of
Sharia law known as Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence (Usul al-Fiqh). The other part
of Sharia is concerned with the regulation and guidance of every day interaction of
individuals and society. This part of Sharia espouses detail legal rulings on the worldly
matters (Mua'malat) on one hand and set of rules governing ritual matters (Ibadat) on
the other. The Mua'malat laws have the objectives of realizing personal and public
benefit, ensure peace and wellbeing and prevention of harm and corruption in a
society. Sharia has all important attributes of rationality, gradualness and adaptability
that are essential for effective governance of human relationships at all times and
circumstances.
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